Analysis Of The Odyssey By Homer - 1422 Words

The ancient civilization tells a story of things that have happen in a world of their own. The plot consists of very powerful demigods, heroic warriors, supernatural beings, and the mistreatment of women. Many believe that women have been overlooked and disrespected in this world for years. The irrelevance of these women was a part of the Greek life. In the epic poem, â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer, Penelope becomes a different person when she is brought into a time where women are taken control of more than anyone else in the Greek world. During this epic story, Penelope becomes a person of her own and not just someone that is focused on the hard times that she faces as well as her husband being gone for a long period of time. â€Å"Yes she’s in†¦show more content†¦When Penelope is recognized as a very faithful wife, Agamemnon talks about his wife and says that Penelope is the lover of her own heart. Agamemnon’s wife who was the adulteress, attempted to stab the lord and her king. He talks about how important it is to be faithful and how faithfulness is the best quality that a wife could have in a relationship. â€Å"It is like a woman indeed/to take rapture before the fact is shown for true they believe too easily, are too quick to shift from ground to ground; and swift indeed the rumor voiced by a woman dies again†(Homer, pg. 451). Penelope struggles a little bit and goes through a tough time without her husband for twenty years. She lived her life alone without a man in the house. As Agamemnon socializes with other women and spends his time focusing on other things, his wife searches for another man that she can go to when she needs help. After twenty years, Penelope is still faithful and keeps he loyalty to her husband. The two wives of the warriors are very different from each other, one is unpredictable, and the other one is faithful and loyal. As time passes, Penelope stays strong and finds a way to take care of herse lf without the presence of Odysseus. Penelope faces challenging obstacles that require strength, but she doesn’t have Odysseus to help her with the jobs. She is left with a son that she has to raise on her own without a father in his life. Odysseus isn’t able to spend time raising his son because he is fighting inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Odyssey By Homer1192 Words   |  5 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Opposites Attract?   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Julian Adame   Ã‚  Ã‚   A person s response to hardships can reveal the true nature and characteristics of that person. In â€Å"The Odyssey† by Homer both Odysseus and Penelope each face their own hardships. Odysseus left his home for a ten year war and took another ten years to return home. Penelope after not knowing where her husband is, has had to deal with the suitors trying to win her over. They both use similar traits and characteristics to overcome theirRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer1202 Words   |  5 Pagescoping with the idea of losing his father and letting others to rule Ithaca. It is noticeable from the beginning of The Odyssey, written by Homer that Telemachus finds himself in a complicated situation where his life is seen to be in danger. He is a character of being distance from people. The idea of Telemachus becoming his own father, threatens suitor’s control in Ithaca. Homer describes Telemachus as a teenager who has not found himself and is on a mission to become an adult as his father. TelemachusRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer1095 Words   |  5 Pagesused in Homer’s Odyssey is the digression. The digression is departure fro m the main storyline that does not alter the action of the story, but adds a layer of sentimental content to the plot which usually helps underscore themes central to the story. The digressions in the Odyssey are meticulously written with great attention to detail just like the rest of the epic, and they truly help readers grasp the important aspects of the story. The liberal use of digression in the Odyssey helps build a vividRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey, By Homer915 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the Odyssey, the hero, Odysseus is portrayed in two different and contradicting lights: the wise hero and the capricious leader blinded by his own pride. The epic writer, Homer, embodies the theme of hubris throughout Odysseus’ journey home. The idea of hubris, a trait of excessive pride, significantly develops personalities of characters within The Odyssey, and Homer ultimately creates a statement about excessive pride. The dual portrayal of Odysseus leads the reader to ultimatelyRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pages The word â€Å"Family†, according to Merriam Webster, is thought to be a group of people brought together by common affiliation. The same cannot be said for the culture in the Odyssey by Homer. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is trying to get back home from fighting in the Trojan War. He has been away from home for almost 20 years longing to just be reunited with his kinfolk. Along the way, he comes across many obstacles that hinders him from reaching his home and family in in Ithaca. Luckily, the memoriesRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s Odyssey By Homer2018 Words   |  9 PagesThe Odyssey by Homer is more light in tone than the Iliad, of the same author: The good wins while the evil is punished. Even though the gods are still strict, the relationship between Odysseus and Athena is a more sincere and equal a relationship than between God and Man in the Iliad. Odysseus is distinguished not only by his bravery, but largely by his intellect and cunning. He is the type of resourceful man w hom never gives up, thinks of the causes, is reverent and never gives in. The Odyssey isRead MoreAnalysis Of Odyssey By Homer s Odyssey2253 Words   |  10 Pagesand Midwifery Council, 2006). The literature surrounding the subject of mentorship is vast and fails to provide a single definition, however the terms used are often similar. Colley (2000) writes that the word mentor originated in Homer’s poem ‘Odyssey’ in which the character oversees the development of Telemachus. Usually mentoring describes the process of an experienced team member using their skills and knowledge to educate and develop a junior or less skilled co-worker (Chartered Institute ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 1483 Words   |  6 PagesViolence in The Odyssey Violence in Literature can take any form, whether it be natural disaster like and earthquake or a human based disaster like war (Campbell). In Homer’s The Odyssey both types are found†¦ whether it’s Odysseus’s hardships like making it home or dealing with the wrath of the god Poseidon. Every violent scene has its own reasons, some are more reasonable than others. For instance, the gods were angered by the disobedience of the mortals, this is more reasonable than the killingRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 795 Words   |  4 PagesVince Wolfe Mrs. Cmaylo English 9 (2) 6 November 2015 Odysseus Epic Hero In the Epic, â€Å"The Odyssey, spoken by Homer, conveys a heroic tale of an epic hero named, Odysseus, who faces many challenges as he sails to get home. One of the tasks Odysseus faces is, The Sirens, who challenge Odysseus s will power. Another challenge Odysseus encounters is, â€Å"The Cyclops, who torments and slaughters some of Odysseus s men due to his curiosityRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey1636 Words   |  7 PagesGreek society, Homer’s The Odyssey provides a detailed insight into the values of this intricate culture. In particular, this epic discusses the ways in which the deathless gods influence the fates of the mortals. The overall impact of the gods’ power is the mental straining that emerges from the unrelenting conflict of man versus immortal. Likewise, the actions and misfortunes of others also catalyze this extremely significant and powerful mental battle. Homer’s The Odyssey reveals the values of ancient

The Case Of Olmstead V. United States - 1128 Words

Unreasonable search is the pursuit of an individual on his/her premises and/or vehicles for seizure to obtain evidence by a lawful agency without a court order and without probable cause it is believed evidence of a criminal activity will be found. The fourth amendment of the U.S. Constitution shields our Citizens from preposterous inquiry and seizure. The case of Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438 (1928), various individuals were convicted of alcohol related law violations, and were accused of conspiracy. The operation grossed a generous amount of cash. The main schemer and the general administration of the business was one of the Petitioners, Olmstead (the Solicitor). The primary office of the business was in Seattle and there were three phones in the workplace, each on an alternate line. There were phones in an office the Petitioner had in his own home, and at the home of his partners and different places in Seattle. A great deal of correspondence happened in the between Sea ttle and Vancouver, British Columbia. The data which prompted the discovery of the trick and tendency and degree was generally gotten by catching messages on the phones of the backstabbers by four government denial officers. Little wires were embedded along the common phone wires from the living arrangements of four of the [suspects] and those driving from the boss office. The insertions were made without trespass upon any property of the suspects, in the cellar of the office building. TheShow MoreRelatedSupreme Court Decisions Essay820 Words   |  4 PagesSupreme Court Decisions Rungwe Rungwe Constitutional Law (LS305-01) Assignment Chapter 4 10/16/2011 The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized (FourthRead MoreFacts About The Best Evidence Rule1367 Words   |  6 Pagesexcuse to why the original documents are unavailable or absent. Therefore, the courts has to decide if the excuse is acceptable and allow the party to use their secondary evidence in order to prove their case or that the content of the document in order for it to be admissible as evidence in the case. Unlike, any other rule this rule only applies when a party is trying to prove that all of the content in the document is worthy of being admitted as evidence if the original document has been lost or destroyedRead MoreTh e Constitution Of The United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesclearly limits the power of the government. Prohibiting the government from becoming dictators. The constitution of the United States clearly outlines how to protect the interests of the people and how to implement the equal protection clause. Having a written constitution in the United States is an advantage that guarantees freedom of speech and religious practices. The United States government has established itself as a government proficient in protecting the rights and liberties of the people. HavingRead MoreThe Sixteenth Amendment Of The United States Constitution1057 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sixteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution gives the United States government the right to tax income. This amendment guarantees that our nation will have an army, our government will build our roads, enforce our laws and carry through with other important duties, all through federal taxation. The Sixteenth Amendment is still doing its job today as all people are required to pay the government a portion of their income. Most of the government’s money comes from the taxes of the peopleRead MoreThe Legal Definition Of The Fourth Amendment1043 Words   |  5 PagesThe legal definition pertaining to a search and what authorizes a search has modified overtime due to decisions made in various court cases. Professor Rose at Stetson Law gives an overview of searches and seizures; the professor elaborates on the steps used when determining the legality of the Fourth Amendment. The six steps of the broad Fourth Amendment template include: who does the Amendment apply to, has there been a search or seizure/seizure, is there probable cause, did law enforcement needRead MoreCreating A Legal Taxonomy Of Privacy1271 Words   |  6 PagesJustice Brandeis’ dissenting opinion in Olmstead v. United States (1928). In Olmstead, the Supreme Court considered whether the Fourth A mendment applied to wiretapping if there was no physical intrusion into a person’s home, and the Court as a whole held that the Fourth Amendment was inapplicable to Olmstead’s situation. This ruling stands in stark contrast to the Court’s decision in 1914 in Weeks v. United States, which is largely considered a landmark case as the Court’s unanimous decision resultedRead MoreThe Rights Of Illegal Gambling Information From A Payphone Booth From The City Of Los Angeles1128 Words   |  5 PagesBoston and Miami (Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967)). The FBI had been aware of Katz illegal activities after following him extensively, and in an effort to bring evidence against him, placed an electronic eavesdropping device on the phone booth he had made calls from during previous events. Once the FBI obtained enough evidence to convict him on grounds of illegal sharing of gambling information, the petitioner Katz was arrested. The FBI agents pursuing th e case against Katz had adheredRead MoreTechnological Surveillance Should Not Keep Up With The Swift Changes1143 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst citizen’s privacy. Technology advances so quickly, that the law cannot keep up with the swift changes. The first issue involving technological surveillance was in the case Olmstead v. United States (1928), when officer’s wiretapped Olmstead home phone from across the street from a telephone pole. The problem with this case was if the wire tapping a violation of the fourth amendment, but the court held the decision, saying, â€Å"since the tap was not a trespass on the defendant† property and did notRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States988 Words   |  4 Pages The Constitution of the United States holds the upmost law for our country. It is a very important document that keeps our government in control and regulates the rights of people. The first part of the Constitution breaks down the government into three branches. The Legislative branch, which is the branch that creates laws and ratifies them. Congress is also a part of the Legislative branch. There is also the Executive branch, which consists of the President and Vice President. The last branchRead More03 06 04 Essay892 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Lesson 06: Prepping Your Sources Annotated Bibliography Note-Taking Guide Fill in the notes for the amendment and for each of the three categories (multi-media, contemporary cases, advocacy documents). If you need support for the citation, consult the MLA Formatting Guide you printed from the lesson. Amendment for your topic (from the Bill of Rights) Citation: http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/fourth_amendment What information from this source seems the most important? Note key points mentioned

Race, Racism, And Racial Disparities - 1551 Words

Race, Racism, and Racial Disparities in Police Brutality I. Introduction In recent years and in light of recent tragedies, police actions, specifically police brutality, has come into view of a large, public and rather critical eye. The power to take life rests in the final stage of the criminal justice system. However, the controversy lies where due process does not. While the use of deadly force is defined and limited by departmental policies, it remains an act guided chiefly by the judgment of individual officers in pressure situations. (Goldkamp 1976, 169). Many current studies have emphasized the racial disparities in minority deaths, primarily black Americans, killed by police through means of deadly force. The history of occurrences reveals the forlorn truth that police reforms only receive attention in wake of highly publicized episodes of police misconduct. The notorious 1992 Los Angeles riots brought the matter to mass public attention and prompted improved law enforcement policy. Significant local reforms resulted, for instance, ending the poli cy of lifetime terms for police chiefs. Additionally, on a broader platform, in 1994, Congress approved provisions to the Crime Control Act in effort to tackle police abuse in a more structured way. Unfortunately, today these account for mostly failed attempts. More than two decades later and with a growing number of incidents, the fatal shooting of teenager Michael Brown by a police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, hasShow MoreRelatedRacial Skepticism Is The Idea That Race, As A Biological1394 Words   |  6 PagesRacial skepticism is the idea that race, as a biological category, does not exist. Population-level genetic studies have established that race is not discernable as a biological category through genetic variation between races, as genetic variation is higher within folk racial groups than between them. Folk racial groups are categories used on Census forms, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, and the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). In â€Å"When Socially Determined Categories Make BiologicalRead MoreRacial Segregation And The Us Education System Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesStudents of color in the United States struggle to access higher education, as a result of institutional racism and discrimination. This is troubling because college education is considered a way to increase opportunity and chances of success with finding employment and earning a high salary. This disparity can be attributed to the history of racial segregation in the US education system, which has produced differences of opportunity between students of color and white students (Cha isson 2004). ItRead MoreThe Election Of Obama Into The Highest Political Office1728 Words   |  7 Pagesinto the highest political office may have created a great euphoria that the United States had moved past the racism that weighed heavily on the country’s history. Today, after the end of his two-term presidency, it is clear that this elation was substantially unfounded as racism is still an adverse reality that confronts minority groups in the society. The disenfranchisement of racial minorities in the United States is traceable to the onset of the institution of slavery, and its alleviation remainsRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Abolition Of Slavery1177 Words   |  5 Pagesabolishment of slavery in America, its effects are still present to this day. Racism lurks in the minds of many Americans whether they are aware of it or not. This negatively effects African Americans in many ways. An example of such is increased stress which leads to negative health outcomes in African Americans such as low birth weights, and low life expectancies. Since they have worse health outcomes compared to their racial counterparts, one would expect them to be seen by physicians more. HoweverRead MoreBeverly Daniel Tatum Ph.D. Is An Expert On Race Relations1258 Words   |  6 Pagesexpert on race relations and the development of racial identity. Tatum guides her readers through racial identity and major ideas and concepts regarding race. Throughout the book readers will better understand the racial dynamic of their everyday lives, along with suggestive actions toward a more equitable world for all. The following paragraph gives a summary of the book, breaking it down into the IV parts containing ten chapters. Part I A Definition of Terms: Chapter one ‘Defining Racism’ definesRead MoreRacial Segregation Within The United States780 Words   |  4 Pagesaround the question, â€Å"is it class or race that causes (and perpetuates) such misfortune of African Americans?† Scholars have looked at patterns of residential segregation in their attempts to answer such a question. Massey and Denton explore racial residential segregation in the United States throughout the 20th century. They argue that the making and concentration of the (African American) underclass in inner cities resulted from institutional and interpersonal racism in the housing market that perpetuatesRead MoreEffects Of Racism1095 Words   |  5 PagesRacism is an individual, institutional, and societal issue that negatively affects the lives of many African-Americans. Structural racism is a term used to describe the institutional and societal levels of racism. These levels have caused negative effects in the mental and physical public health of African-Americans, and yet are rarely discussed. Hiding or ignoring the impact of racism on public health disparities is not the same as fighting against them. It is allowing them to be repeated withoutRead MoreWhite Like Me By Tim Wise951 Words   |  4 Pagesreassured their beliefs that there was no longer such thing as racism and that every American had equal rights and opportunity to pursue the American dream. While many people have come to believe that all races have equal rights in America, Tim Wise argues in his documentary â€Å"White Like Me† that not only does racism and unconscious racial bias still exist, but that also White Americans are unable to simply relate to the variety of forms racism and inequality Blacks experience. This is mainly because ofRead MoreDisparity and Discrimination Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesMany different situations occur within the criminal justice system. The situations that will be discussed in this essay are Pseudospeciation, bigotry vs. racism, hegemony, social construction, and disparity vs. discrimination. There will be definition on these terms. After defining the all terms, I will apply these terms to the criminal justice system using examples to illustrate the understanding of the definitions. Pseudospeciation Pseudospeciation begins with the fact that cultural differencesRead MoreThe Issue Of Racial Discrimination985 Words   |  4 PagesStates criminal justice institution has always been known by the public to be corrupted by racism. The public hears time and time again of stories involving minorities being racially discriminated within the judicial system. There is a rainbow of issues that the United States judicial system has when it comes to racial discrimination. However, the most costly and the most disheartening of these issues is racial discrimination in the death sentencing process. The death penalty is a hot button topic in

Jay Chou and his Chinese Pop Style Essay - 1082 Words

Jay Chou and his Chinese Pop Style Stepping into the new century, a name came into people’s ears in mainland China, Jay Chou. Jay is a famous Taiwan musician, whose songs impact the new generation in the recent twelve years all over the world significantly. From young to old, a lot of people can sing his popular songs, or they can hum, whistle some parts of Jay’s songs at least. According to the official statistics, Jay produced his eleven albums that sold an amazing record of 28746167 copies in ten years, which must attribute this success to his millions of fans (Fung). This paper thus illustrates three arguments, the new Chinese element, or Chou style that Jay creates in his pop songs, the fusion of traditional Chinese instruments and†¦show more content†¦In another song Juhuatai, or Chrysanthemum Stage, Jay even tries the major scale to implement Chinese traditional music style, but it gives a sad and depressed sense to the listeners. People treat the melody to be the soul of pop music as the rhythm of jazz music. Jay coordinates Chinese classic folk music into his Chinese style music, displaying a romantic perception. Far more than it, his use of major scale shows the simulation of Chinese style doesn’t require the pentatonic scale restrictively. But people believe his professional musical skill and the understanding of Chinese folk music are two important facts that contribute to his creative Chinese pop music style, or what is called Chou style. Although Jay is not the first musician to use Chinese traditional instruments in the pop style music, he combines Chinese instruments, such as zheng and pipa, with western piano and violin harmoniously, in some of his works. The sounds of Chinese folk instruments pipa, flute and castanet are easily recognizable from the main melody. Musicians can perform the songs with the same melody and rhythm with different instruments, but timber is usually hard to simulate by another instrument from basic music theory. Therefore, Jay employs traditional Chinese instruments to establish the Chinese pop style in the song. But the Chinese folk instruments are not the only ones used in the performance. The combination of non-western instruments and western violin and piano, makes itShow MoreRelatedThe Development Of Chinese Popular Music And The Legend Pop Star Jay Chou1627 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopment of Chinese Popular Music and the Legend Pop Star-Jay Chou Name: Zichao Lan Instructor: Erica Jones Teaching Assistant: Dhiren Panikker Course Title: Popular Music of the World Date: 7/24 /2015 Introduction When talking about China, people from other countries associate China with the Great Wall, the Terracotta Warriors, the Summer Palace, other landmarks. Chinese music is as an important part of Chinese historyRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pageshe taught at the University of Minnesota and George Washington University. His MBA and Ph.D. are from the University of Minnesota, with a BBA from Drake University. Before coming into academia, he spent thirteen years in retailing with the predecessor of Kmart (S. S. Kresge), JCPenney, and Dayton-Hudson and its Target subsidiary. He held positions in store management, central buying, and merchandise management. His first textbook, Marketing: Management and Social Change, was published in 1972

Imperialism in Africa and India Free Essays

string(387) " local population would adopt the superior culture in order to become more like them †¢ Africans adopted French culture †¢ All schools, courts, and businesses patterned after French institutions †¢ In practice idea of assimilation abandoned †¢ French resided to indirect control †¢ Recognized African culture but saw it as inferior |Indirect Control |Direct control | |Local govt\." Section 1: A Scramble For Africa †¢ European nations needed to fuel industrial production †¢ Competed for new markets for goods and took huge interest in Africa †¢ Imperialism- Seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country o Occurred throughout most of Africa o Europe came in and dominated †¢ Mid 1800’s Africans divided into ethnic and linguistic groups †¢ Some converted to Islam and Christianity †¢ Most kept traditions and religion For 400 years African army able to keep Europeans out †¢ Until late 1800’s Europe only dominated coast of Africa †¢ Couldn’t navigate rivers †¢ Disease also kept them out †¢ Specialized trade networks †¢ Introduction of steam powered river boats allowed Europeans to dominate more of Africa’s interior †¢ Those who did get in were against slave trade †¢ People learned about Africa through their publications The Congo Sparks Interest: †¢ Dr. David Livi ngstone traveled with group of Africans into deep Africa to promote Christianity †¢ Several years past and people thought he was dead Henry Stanley went to find him and succeeded †¢ Stanley wanted to trace course of Congo River †¢ In 1879 and 1882 Stanley signed treaties with local chiefs of the Congo River Valley †¢ Gave King Leopold II of Belgium control of these lands †¢ Leopold II claimed wanted to abolish slave trade and promote Christianity †¢ Brutally exploited Africans by forcing them to collect sap from rubber plants †¢ About 10 million Africans died due to abuse In 1908 Belgian govt. took control of Congo away from king †¢ Congo 80x larger than Belgium †¢ This alarmed France because they had signed treated that gave them control of north bank of Congo †¢ Soon More European and Latin American countries began to claim parts of Africa Forces Driving Imperialism †¢ Industrial Revolution drove European countries to obtain m ore land †¢ European countries searched for more markets Europeans viewed themselves as the greatest nation and race †¢ Racism- the belief that one race is superior to others †¢ Social Darwinism- theory that those who were fittest for survival enjoyed wealth and success and were superior to others †¢ Non-Europeans on lower scale of cultural and physical development because didn’t make technological progress †¢ Europeans thought was their job to bring advancements to other countries †¢ European missionaries sought to convert lands to Christianity †¢ Hoped Christianity would bring end to evil practices like slave trade †¢ Also wanted to civilize lands Factors promoting Imperialism in Africa: †¢ European’s technological superiority †¢ Europeans had guns †¢ Europeans had steam engines that allowed them to control deep Africa †¢ Europeans had railroads, cables, and steamships that allowed them to communicate within colony and to controlling nation †¢ Drug quinine prevented Europeans from catching diseases †¢ Africa wasn’t unified due to diversity and wars fought between different ethnic groups Divison of Africa: †¢ Discoveries of diamonds and gold in south Africa increased European’s interest in conquering Africa †¢ All European countries became part of race Berlin conference divides Africa: †¢ Berlin Conference- 14 European nations who met to lay down rules for the division of Africa †¢ Competition between European countries †¢ Any country could conquer land but had to notify other European countries †¢ How Africans felt about it wasn’t a factor †¢ Didn’t pay attention to how ethnic and linguistic groups in Africa were distributed †¢ By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia were free from European control Demand for Raw Materials Shapes Colonies: †¢ During colonization Europeans believed Africans would buy their goods †¢ Only few Africans did this Businesses still needed raw materials †¢ Greatest wealth obtained from Africa was large mineral sources †¢ Congo contained copper and tin †¢ This nothing compared to diamonds and gold in south Africa †¢ Developed cash crop: peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, and rubber †¢ Replaced food crops needed by farmers to feed families Three Groups Clash over South Africa: †¢ Zulu chief, Shaka used highly disciplined warriors and good military organization to create large centralized state †¢ Shaka’s successors unable to keep control †¢ Zulu nation eventually fell to British control Boers and British Settle in the Cape: †¢ Boers- Dutch settlers (Boer=farmer in Dutch) who took African’s land and established large farms †¢ When British took control of Cape Colony there was clash over British policy of slaves and land †¢ Boers moved north in Great Trek to escape from British †¢ Started fighting fiercely with Zulu and other African groups whose land was getting taken †¢ When Diamonds and gold found in south Africa Boers tried to keep outsiders from gaining political rights †¢ British tried to rebel against Boers and failed Boers rose against British in Boer war †¢ The war was brutal (no mercy) †¢ Many black southern Africans also participated †¢ Many were captured and put in British concentration camps †¢ Britain won war †¢ Europeans made efforts to change political, social and economic lives of people they conquered Section 2: Imperialism: †¢ Imperialism of 18th and 19th century different than previ ous imperialism †¢ Europeans demanded more influence over all aspects of African lives †¢ Determined to shape economies to help benefit European economies †¢ Wanted people to adopt European customs Forms of Control: †¢ 4 types: o Colony- a country or territory governed internally by a foreign power o Protectorate- A country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power o Sphere of influence- an area in which and outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges o Economic imperialism- an independent but less developed country controlled by private business interests rather than other govts. We will write a custom essay sample on Imperialism in Africa and India or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¢ Also had direct and indirect control †¢ Britain and U. S. preferred indirect France and most other European nations preferred direct †¢ Indirect control: o Relied on existing political rulers o Rulers adopted British Authority o Rulers handled much of daily management of colony o Each colony had legislative council: ? Colonial officials ? Local merchants ? Professionals ? Colonial governor †¢ Direct Control: †¢ French and other European didn’t think Africans could run country †¢ Paternalism- the idea that the people in authority restrict freedoms to their subordinates for the subordinates’ good †¢ Gave them needs but not rights Europeans brought in own bureaucrats †¢ Didn’t train Africans in European methods of govt. †¢ Assimilation- the idea that the local population would adopt the superior culture in order to become more like them †¢ Africans adopted French culture †¢ All schools, courts, and businesse s patterned after French institutions †¢ In practice idea of assimilation abandoned †¢ French resided to indirect control †¢ Recognized African culture but saw it as inferior |Indirect Control |Direct control | |Local govt. You read "Imperialism in Africa and India" in category "Essay examples" fficials used: |Foreign officials brought in to rule | |Limited self-rule |No self rule | |Goal: to develop future leaders |Goal: assimilation | |Govt. institutions based on European styles but may have |Govt. institutions are based only on European styles | |local rules | | A British Colony: †¢ Britain gained control of southern Nigeria †¢ Some local rulers agreed to sign treaties of protection and accept British residents †¢ Others opposed intervention and rebelled against it †¢ British defeated rebellions †¢ Royal Niger Comp. gained control of palm oil trade over Niger River Delta †¢ In 1914 British claimed entire Nigeria as colony Managing the Colony: †¢ Nigeria culturally diverse †¢ Three main groups were: o Hausa-Fulani: ? Muslim ? Had strong central govt. o Yoruba Followed traditional religion ? Relied on chiefs for control o Igbo ? Same as Yoruba †¢ Didn’t have enough British troops to govern such complex area †¢ British resided to indirect control †¢ Worked well with Hausa-Fulani but not with other two groups †¢ Local chiefs of Yoruba and Igbo resented limited power African Resistance: †¢ Africans resisted European attempts to colonize †¢ But Europeans had more advanced weaponry †¢ Therefore, Africans didn’t succeed in most cases Unsuccessful Movements: There was resistance and resistance through religious movements †¢ Algeria’s almost 50 year resistance against France †¢ West Africa’s Samori Toure’s 16 year resistance against France †¢ African villagers resisted Germans in spiritual defense o Believed magic water would turn German’s bullets to water o 20 groups came together and fought against Germans o Fighters believed God and their ancestors would return to life and assist them o Over 75,000 Africans died o Twice that many Africans died in famine to follow o Germans shocked and passed some reforms Ethiopia: A successful Resistance †¢ Only African nation that successfully resisted Europeans †¢ Menelik II- became emperor of Ethiopia in 1889 †¢ Successfully played Italians, French, and British against each other †¢ Built up large arsenal of modern weapons he purchased from Russia and France †¢ Menelik II signed treaty with Italy while Italians were invading the country †¢ Menelik II declared war in 1896 †¢ Battle of Adowa was largest battle in history of Africa †¢ Ethiopians won and kept independence Legacy of Colonial Rule: †¢ Negative effects: Africans lost control of land and independence o Lost many people to disease and rebellion o Famine o Breakdown of traditional culture o Traditional authorities replaced o Homes and properties transferred o People lost jobs o Identity issues o Division of Africa o Unnaturally divided groups o No Unity †¢ Positive Effects: o Local warfare reduced o Sanitation improved o Hospitals o Schools o Lifespans increased o Literacy increased o Economic expansion o Railroads, dams, telephone, telegraph lines built in Africa o However, this only really benefited the Europeans Section 4: British Imperialism in India: †¢ Area controlled by East India Company grew overtime †¢ Both directly and indirectly governed southern India, Bangladesh, and territory along Ganges River in north †¢ British govt. regulated East India company †¢ Company ruled India without British interference until 19th century †¢ Had own army with British officers †¢ Sepoys- Indian soldiers †¢ Army was dangerous because could easily turn against British Britain’s â€Å"Jewel in the Crown†: †¢ Industrial revolution turned Britain into world’s workshop †¢ India supplied Britain with many raw supplies India’s 3,000,000 people also large potential market for British made goods †¢ India was â€Å"brightest jewel in crown† because it was the most valuable of all Britain’s colonies †¢ British made restrictions that prevented Indian economy from operating on its own †¢ Indians could only produce raw materials for Britain †¢ Indians were not allowed to compete with Britain British Transport Trade Goods: †¢ Railroad system built in India †¢ India became more valuable †¢ Most of raw materials transported included: o Tea o Indigo o Coffee o Cotton Jute o Opium †¢ Sold trade opium for tea from China †¢ Sold tea in England Impact of Colonialism: Negative impact on India: †¢ British held most of economical and political power †¢ British restricted Indian owned industries †¢ Many villagers couldn’t be self sufficient due to emphasis on cash crop †¢ Food production reduced †¢ Famine †¢ Racism †¢ Forced conversion to Christianity Positive impact on India: †¢ Had world’s third largest railroad system †¢ Railroad system united brought modern economy that India †¢ Sanitation and public health improved India modernized by railroads, telephones, telegraphs, dams, bridges, irrigation canals †¢ Schools and collages founded †¢ Literacy increased †¢ Idea cleared of bandits †¢ Local welfare amongst competing rulers The Sepoy Mutiny: †¢ British controlled most of India †¢ Believed British were trying to convert Indians to Christianity †¢ There was so much racism †¢ Nationalist idea emerged †¢ The Indians decided to rebel †¢ Gossip spread amongst sepoys that the cartridges of their new rifles were greased with beef and pork fat †¢ To use cartridges Indians had to bite off ends Cows were sacred to them and Muslims didn’t eat pork so they were very angered †¢ Soldiers who refused cartilages were imprisoned †¢ Next day they rebelled †¢ Sepoy Munity- rebellion of the Indian soldiers †¢ Uprising spread from Delhi to much of northern India †¢ British and sepoys tried to slaughter each others armies †¢ Took company more than a year to regain control of country †¢ Indians couldn’t unite against British due to weak leadership and conflict between Hindus and Muslims †¢ Hindus preferred British rule over Muslim rule Turning Point: †¢ After munity Britain took direct control over India †¢ Raj- British rule after India came under British crown during reign of Queen Victoria †¢ To reward many princes who stayed loyal to company during munity, Britain promised to respect all treaties they had with them †¢ Also promised that Indian states that were still free would remain independent †¢ Regardless, British gained control of free states unofficially †¢ Munity fueled racist attitudes of British Munity increased distrust between Indians and British †¢ Hindus and Muslims felt they were being ruined under British rule Nationalism Surfaces in India: †¢ In early 1800’s some Indians began demanding modernization †¢ Ram Mohum Roy, a modern thinking, well educated Indian began campaign to move away from traditional Indian practices †¢ Ram Mohum Roy believed that if practices weren’t changed India would continue to be controlled by outsiders †¢ Ram Mohum Roy’s writings inspired other Indians to press for social reforms and adopt western ways †¢ Nationalist feelings also began to surface in India Indians hated system that made them second class citizens in own country †¢ Made much less money than British workers Nationalist groups form: †¢ 2 nationalist groups formed: o Indian National Congress in 1885 o Muslim League in 1906 ? Focused on Indian’s concerns ? Wanted self government ? Divided in to Hindu and Muslim section ? Separation made it hard for them to unite in calling for independence ? In 1911 British regained control and divided them differently †¢ Conflict over Indian control continued to develop between Indians and British Key Terms: Imperialism- Seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country †¢ African goods: copper, tin, gold, diamonds, rubber, cocoa, palm oil, and peanuts †¢ Racism- the belief that one race is superior to others †¢ Social Darwinism- t heory that those who were fittest for survival enjoyed wealth and success and were superior to others †¢ Berlin Conference- 14 European nations who met to lay down rules for the division of Africa †¢ Shaka- was a Zulu chief used highly disciplined warriors and good military organization to create large centralized state in South Africa. His successors weren’t as successful †¢ Boers- Dutch settlers (Boer=farmer in Dutch) who took African’s land and established large farms †¢ Boer War- War between British and Boers over land and minerals in which British won †¢ Colony- a country or territory governed internally by a foreign power †¢ Protectorate- A country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power †¢ Sphere of influence- an area in which and outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges †¢ Economic imperialism- an independent but less developed country controlled by private business interests rather than other govts. |Indirect Control |Direct control | |Local govt. officials used: Foreign officials brought in to rule | |Limited self-rule |No self rule | |Goal: to develop future leaders |Goal: assimilation | |Govt. institutions based on European styles but may have |Govt. institutions are based only on European styles | |local rules | | †¢ India was â€Å"brightest jewel in crown† because it was the most valuable of all Britain’s colonies †¢ Indian goods: Tea, Indigo, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, and Opium †¢ Menelik II- became emperor of Ethiopia in 1889. He was the only one who was successful at preventing his state (Ethiopia) from being conquered. †¢ Sepoys- Indian soldiers †¢ Sepoy Munity- rebellion of the Indian soldiers †¢ Raj- British rule after India came under British crown during reign of Queen Victoria †¢ Ram Mohum Roy- a modern thinking, well educated Indian began campaign to move away from traditional Indian practices and bring nationalism †¢ Paternalism- the idea that the people in authority restrict freedoms to their subordinates for the subordinates’ good †¢ Assimilation- the idea that the local population would adopt the superior culture in order to become more like them †¢ How to cite Imperialism in Africa and India, Essay examples

A summary of Mary Ann Doanes free essay sample

Mary Ann Deane discusses the use of voice in cinematic presentation in this article. She determines the acceptance of voice by the viewer by defining the phantasmal body of a film. This body is the replica created by the technology itself. It is the body of the character and of the film. Voices within a cinematic presentation are assumed by the audience to come from this body, even If they are off-screen voices.The acceptance of this off-screen voice by the audience Is dependent on an understanding of space within the cinema Itself. It relies on an understanding that the frame of the visual image does not Limit the aural space. Even the physical confines of the theater itself are not the limit of the digests or aural telling of the story. Though the visual story is limited, the audience accepts auditory input from outside the frame. The audience connects this input to the phantasmal body in and of the film. The traditional use of voice-off constitutes a denial of the frame as a limit and an affirmation of the unity and homogeneity of the depicted space (Deane, 1980)Deane defines three distinct spaces that are put into play for cinematic action. These are the space of the digests, the visible space, and the acoustical space. The digests is the space constructed by the film. It is physically limitless encompassing all that is portrayed within the film, including all visual and auditory cues.The visible space of the film is that which is contained in the viewing frame the screen itself. This space is recognized as visually limited, although auditory cues can come from outside the frame. The acoustical space is the space within which the sounds from the movie can be heard. This space is often defined within the theatre walls. Generally, sound appears to come from the screen and is thus visually activated, but an envelop the viewer as it seems to come from all around.Deferent voice techniques are used to affect the films spaces. The use of voice to deepen the digests of a film occurs with the voice-off. The sound of a voice, though phantasmagorical connected to the films body, enhances the Illusion that the space of the film goes beyond that of the visual frame. A viceroy can be used to suggest that there Is more to a character than Is seen. Often these are the Inner voices of characters. In documentary, however, voiceless are accepted as being outside the voluble and dietetic space of the film.